GENERAL BIOLOGY

GRADE LEVEL - TEN SEPTEMBER 1999

PREPARED BY: MARIANNE LAPP & CLAIRE ESPOSITO

COURSE NAME: GENERAL BIOLOGY

GRADE LEVEL: 10TH

TEXTBOOK: BIOLOGY: VISUALIZING LIFE

PUBLISHER: HOLT, RINEHART & WINSTON, INC.

PUBLICATION DATE: 1998

UNIT 1 - THE SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY

TOPIC OBJECTIVES

DAYS

ACTIVITIES

(labs, lectures, demonstrations, homework projects, etc.)

TECHNOLOGY/

EQUIPMENT

NJCCCS

ASSESSMENT

A. list 3 diseases for which

scientists are seeking

cures

B. describe 2 environmental problems &

the ways scientists are

trying to solve them

C. explain 3 ways you

can use biological

knowledge to improve your

health

D. construct, read and interpret data on various

types of graphs

E. complete metric conversions in proper written format

F. use metric

measurements in collecting data

G. properly use balance

scale, graduated cylinder,

thermometer & metric ruler

Chapter review/test

Lecture: Biology Today

Activity: constructing graphs

Lecture: Metrics

Lab: Sampling Metric Measurements

6.9: 7, 8

52: 13, 14, 15

4.11: 14 4.5: 7

4.13: 6, 8 5.5: 12

4.5: 4,5 4.9: 1,4, 13

4.5: 4,5 4.9: 1, 4, 13

Section Review p. 10 #1-3; p15

#1-4; p. 18 #1-4

Ch 1 review (p. 20 #9)

graphing worksheets

metric worksheet

lab worksheet

Review: p20#4-11 Test

UNIT 2 – DISCOVERING LIFE

TOPIC OBJECTIVES

DAYS

ACTIVITIES

(labs, lectures, demonstrations, homework projects, etc.)

TECHNOLOGY/

EQUIPMENT

NJCCCS

ASSESSMENT

A. explain the difficulty in

defining life using only

visually observable

properties

B. describe 5 properties

shared by all living

organisms

C. relate the properties of

life to the biological themes

presented in chapter 1

D. describe structure of atom

E identify differences

between atoms, elements,

ions & molecules

F. distinguish covalent

& ionic bonds; explain how

both form

G. define sugars; describe formation of polysaccharides

H. describe properties of

Lipids

I. explain factors that affect

3D structure of proteins

J. define nucleic acid &

describe their functions

Chapter review/ test

Lecture: What is Life?

Demo: identifying life characteristics in

various specimens

Lecture: Basic Chemistry

Lecture: Molecules of Life

Lab: Identifying Organic compounds

5.6: 13

5.8: 9, 10, 11

56: 14

p 25; #1-4

p 28; #1-4

p 34; #1-4

Lab worksheet

Review p 36; #4-10,

14-16 test

UNIT 3 - CELLS

TOPIC OBJECTIVES

DAYS

ACTIVITIES

(labs, lectures, demonstrations, homework projects, etc.)

TECHNOLOGY/

EQUIPMENT

NJCCCS

ASSESSMENT

A. define function of cell membrane

B. explain why smaller cells
function more efficiently
than larger cells

C. distinguish between
polar & nonpolar molecules

D. compare interaction of water molecules with each other & with lipid molecules

E. illustrate arrangement of phospholipids in lipid bilayer

F. describe 2 characteristics
of lipid bilayer

G. describe functions of
proteins in cell membrane

H. explain how proteins stay anchored in cell membrane

I. distinguish between eukaryotic & prokaryotic cells

J. relate success of eukaryotes to presence of organelles

K. describe a theory that explains evolution of eukaryotic cells

L. compare 3 types of

microscopes commonly used

by biologists

Chapter review/test

Lecture: At the Boundary of the Cell

Lab: Observing cells

Activity: Water Properties (Project WET)

Lecture: Membrane Architecture

Activity: Visualizing the Lipid Bilayer

Lecture: Inside the Cell

Video: The Cell

Microscopes Flex-camera TV

Computers

TV/VCR

5.8: 11

5.6: 14 5.8: 11

5.6: 4,9, 11

p 45; #1-4

Lab worksheet

worksheet

p 49; #1-4

computer program self-quiz

p 58; # 1-4

p 60; #4-16, 18-19

test

UNIT 4 – THE LIVING CELL

TOPIC OBJECTIVES

DAYS

ACTIVITIES

(labs, lectures, demonstrations, homework projects, etc.)

TECHNOLOGY/

EQUIPMENT

NJCCCS

ASSESSMENT

A. recognize importance of cell communication in

multicellular organisms

B. describe 2 ways receptor

proteins transmit information

C. evaluate role of cell

surface markers in human

body

D. describe diffusion &

osmosis

E. distinguish facilitated

diffusion from active transport

F. explain how the sodium-

potassium pump transports

ions

G. describe how large

substances can enter the cell

Chapter review/ test

Lecture: How Cells Communicate

Lecture: Movement of Substances Into &

Out of Cells

Demo: Observing Diffusion

Lab: Modeling the Action of a Cell

Membrane

Flex-camera TV

5.6: 4, 9, 11

5.6: 14

p 66; #1-4

p 72; #1-4

p 74; #4-16, 18-19

test

UNIT 5 – ENERGY & LIFE

TOPIC OBJECTIVES

DAYS

ACTIVITIES

(labs, lectures, demonstrations, homework projects, etc.)

TECHNOLOGY/

EQUIPMENT

NJCCCS

ASSESSMENT

A. distinguish between chemical reactions that absorb energy from those that release energy

B. describe role of activation energy

C. describe how an enzyme interacts with its substrate

D. analyze role of enzymes in cells

E. explain how cells use

energy

F. describe role of ATP in

cells

G. recognize path of energy between plants & animals

H. describe how photosynthetic organisms use energy from light to make organic molecules & oxygen

I. summarize the 3 stages of photosynthesis

J. explain role of cellular

respiration in making energy

available to living things

K. contrast fermentation

with oxidative respiration

L. explain how feedback

inhibition regulates ATP

production

Chapter review/test

Lecture: Cells & Chemistry

Lecture: Cells & Energy

Lecture: Photosynthesis

Demo: Plant Pigments

Video: Photosynthesis

Lab: Measuring Rate of Process

Lecture: Cellular Respiration

TV/VCR

5,8: 12

5.6: 11

5.6: 15, 16

5.6: 11, 14

52: 12, 14, 15

54: 10, 11

p 81;#1-4

p84; #1-4

p 89; #1-4

Lab worksheet

p 94; #1-4

p 96; #4-18, 20

p 103; #1-4

UNIT 6 – CELL REPRODUCTION

TOPIC OBJECTIVES

DAYS

ACTIVITIES

(labs, lectures, demonstrations, homework projects, etc.)

TECHNOLOGY/

EQUIPMENT

NJCCCS

ASSESSMENT

A. define chromatin

B. describe structure of

chromosome

C. distinguish between

diploid & haploid cells

D. explain significance of

sex chromosomes

E. summarize events of

mitosis & cytokinesis

F. define cell cycle &

describe cell's activity during interphase

G. define gamete & state its function in sexual reproduction

H. explain how meiosis

maintains chromosome

number throughout

generations

I. summarize events of

meiosis

J. define crossing-over &

explain its impact on

evolution

Chapter review/ test

Lecture: Chromosomes & Mitosis

Lab: Observing Mitosis

Video: Mitosis & Meiosis

Lecture: How Gametes Form: Meiosis

Lab: Modeling Meiosis

Microscopes

TV/VCR

5 7: 10,11

5.7: 10, 11

p 109; #1-4

Lab worksheet

p 112; #1-4

Lab worksheet

p 114; #1-18

UNIT 7 – GENETICS AND INHERITANCE

TOPIC OBJECTIVES

DAYS

ACTIVITIES

(labs, lectures, demonstrations, homework projects, etc.)

TECHNOLOGY/

EQUIPMENT

NJCCCS

ASSESSMENT

A. outline garden-pea experiments performed by

Gregor Mendel

B. explain how Mendel's

approach enabled him to

reach his conclusions

C. define following terms:

gene, allele, dominant,

recessive, homozygous,

heterozygous, genotype,

phenotype

D. relate Mendel's 2 laws if

inheritance to the behavior of

chromosomes during meiosis

E. recognize the relationship

between the laws of probability

& inheritance

F. use a Punnett square to

predict outcome of a cross

G. describe 3 other factors

that influence inheritance

H. explain what mutations are

& how they can affect an

organism

I. describe pattern of

inheritance for 3 genetic

disorders

J. explain a technique used to

identify people at risk of

passing genetic disorders to

their children

K. discuss the possibilities

that exist for curing genetic

disorders

Chapter review/ test

Lecture: The Work of Gregor Mendel

Lecture: Patterns of Inheritance

Lab: Human Genetic Traits

Video: Twins

Lecture: Human Genetic Disorders

Lab: Karyotypes

Video: The Perfect Baby

TV/VCR

5.3: 6.7

55:12

57:11

p 122; #1-4

p 126; #1-4

Lab worksheet

p 132; #1-4

Lab worksheet

p134; #5-6, 8-16, 18

test

UNIT 8 – HOW GENES WORK

TOPIC OBJECTIVES

DAYS

ACTIVITIES

(labs, lectures, demonstrations, homework projects, etc.)

TECHNOLOGY/

EQUIPMENT

NJCCCS

ASSESSMENT

A list the events that led scientists to identify the

genetic material

B. summarize how scientists

determined structure of DNA &

describe structure of DNA

C. summarize the process of Replication

D. summarize process of
gene expression

E. describe how RNA is
made

F. explain why genetic code
is said to be universal

G. explain relationships
among codons, anticodons,
and amino acids

Chapter review/ test

Lecture: Understanding DNA

Demo: Spooling DNA from onion cells

Video: DNA

Lecture: How Proteins are Made

Video: Transcription S Translation

Lab: Making a Frog

Activity: Using a Codon Chart

TV/VCR

computers

5.7: 10, 11 5.3: 6, 7

5.3 5.4 5.7

UNIT 9 GENE TECHNOLOGY

TOPIC OBJECTIVES

DAYS

ACTIVITIES

(labs, lectures, demonstrations, homework projects, etc.)

TECHNOLOGY/

EQUIPMENT

NJCCCS

ASSESSMENT

A. outline genetic engineering experiment performed by Cohen & Boyer

B. explain the 4 stages involved in a gene transfer experiment

C. describe how scientists
use restriction enzymes

D. summarize some
applications of genetic
engineering

E. describe how herbicide-
resistant genes in crop plants
can benefit environment

F. explain how genetic
engineering can improve crop yields & make livestock more productive

G describe how transferring human genes into bacteria

can benefit human health

H. describe 3 uses of DNA

profiling

I. summarize goals of Human Genome Project & the ethical issues it raises

Chapter review/test

Lecture: The Revolution in Genetics

Lab: Kangasaurus Computer Program

Lecture: Transforming Agriculture

Lecture: Advances in Medicines

Activity: Human Genome Project On-line research project

computers internet

5.6: 14 5.7: 10

6,7 10 10, 11

5.4: 10 5.7: 10, 11

5.3: 6,7

5.4 10

5.7: 10, 11

p 145; #1-4

Lab worksheet

p 150; #4-20 test

p 157; #1-4

p 166; #1-4

paper

UNIT 10 – EVOLUTION AND NATURAL SELECTION

TOPIC OBJECTIVES

DAYS

ACTIVITIES

(labs, lectures, demonstrations, homework projects, etc.)

TECHNOLOGY/

EQUIPMENT

NJCCCS

ASSESSMENT

A. summarize Darwin's beliefs & describe two major ideas

Darwin put forth in The Origin

of Species

B. describe conditions

necessary for fossils to form

C. explain how comparisons of organisms can reveal

evidence for evolution

D. describe the important

evidence for evolution found in proteins & DNA

E. describe how natural

selection occurs

F. summarize effect of

natural selection on peppered moth & sickle cell allele

Chapter review/ test

Lecture: Charles Darwin

Lecture: The Evidence for Evolution

Video: Carbon Dating Fossils

Lab: Comparing Homologous Structures

Lecture: Natural Selection

Lab: Amino Acid Sequences

TV/VCR

5.3: 6,7

5.7: 12

5.3: 7

5.7: 13

p 175; 31-4

p 179; #1-4

Lab worksheet

p 186; #1-4

lab worksheet

p 188; #5-14, 16 test

UNIT 11 – HISTORY OF LIFE ON EARTH

TOPIC OBJECTIVES

DAYS

ACTIVITIES

(labs, lectures, demonstrations, homework projects, etc.)

TECHNOLOGY/

EQUIPMENT

NJCCCS

ASSESSMENT

A. contrast the 3 explanations for the origin of life

B. describe the importance of the Miller-Urey experiment

C. describe how the first cells might have evolved

D. compare & contrast the two major groups of bacteria

E. identify the major change in early atmosphere caused by bacteria

F. recognize relationship between plants & fungi to enable land invasion

G. identify importance of evolution of flight ability in insects

H. identify the characteristics

of vertebrates

I. list 3 adaptations that enabled amphibians to colonize land

J. identify 3 differences between mammals & reptilesK. describe 2 reptilian features

for life on land

Chapter review/ test

Lecture: Origin of Life

Video: Early Earth

Lecture: Early Life in the Sea to Invasion of the land

Lecture: Parade of Vertebrates

Demo: Vertebrate Skeletons

Activity: Comparing Vertebrate Skeletons

TV/VCR

5.3: 6,7 5.6: 14

5.7:12

5.7: 12, 13

57: 12, 13

p 194; #1-4

p 197; #1-4

p 203; #1-4

p 208; #1-4

p 210; #4-5, 7-8,

11-6

test

UNIT 12 – CLASSIFYING LIVING THINGS

TOPIC OBJECTIVES

DAYS

ACTIVITIES

(labs, lectures, demonstrations, homework projects, etc.)

TECHNOLOGY/

EQUIPMENT

NJCCCS

ASSESSMENT

A. explain why scientists use scientific names instead of common names

B. describe the scientific

system of naming organisms & explain why scientific names are in Latin

C. evaluate the role of Linnaeus in creating the modern classification system

D. describe the system used to classify organisms

E. explain how the classifying organisms reflects evolutionary history

F. define species

G. discuss weaknesses of Linnaeus' two-kingdom system

H. differentiate between the six kingdoms of organisms

I. identify 2 characteristics of members of each of the six kingdoms

Chapter review/test

Lecture: The Need for Naming

Lecture: Classification: Organizing Life

Demo: Classification slide show

Lecture: Six Kingdoms

Activity: Classification Characteristics Chart

Slide projector

5.3: 7

5.7: 12

5.6: 13

p 316; 31-4

p 323; #1-4

p 326; #1-4

p 328; #4-9, 11-16 test

UNIT 13 – BACTERIA AND VIRUSES

TOPIC OBJECTIVES

DAYS

ACTIVITIES

(labs, lectures, demonstrations, homework projects, etc.)

TECHNOLOGY/

EQUIPMENT

NJCCCS

ASSESSMENT

A.draw structure of bacteria 2

B. differentiate between a
bacterial cell & eukaryotic cell

C. explain how bacteria

reproduce

D. distinguish diverse ways
bacteria obtain nutrition

E. describe 3 benefits of 2
bacteria

F. list 5 human diseases
caused by bacteria

G. summarize 3 ways to
prevent bacterial diseases

H. evaluate importance of antibiotics in fighting bacterial diseases

I. draw structure of virus 2

J. justify statement that viruses are not considered to be alive

K. describe viral reproduction

L list 4 diseases caused by 1

viruses

Chapter review/test

Lecture; Bacteria Video: Kingdom Monera

Lecture: How Bacteria Affect Humans

Lab: Cultunng Bacteria

Lecture: Viruses Video: Viruses

Lab: Simulating Disease Transmission

Incubator

TV/VCR

5.6; 13

5.6: 13

p 335; #1-4

p 344; #1-4

lab worksheet

p 350; #1-4

Lab worksheet

p 352; #4-13 test

UNIT 14 - PROTISTS

TOPIC OBJECTIVES

DAYS

ACTIVITIES

(labs, lectures, demonstrations, homework projects, etc.)

TECHNOLOGY/

EQUIPMENT

NJCCCS

ASSESSMENT